A natural selenium polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus: Structural elucidation, anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer activity in vitro

The development and application of new natural selenium polysaccharides with relatively clear structure and excellent activity have become hot and difficult issues. This study used GC-MS and 2D NMR to characterize the detailed chain structure information of selenium polysaccharide (Se-POP-3) from Selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus, and then explored its anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer effects in vitro. Results showed that the main chain of Se-POP-3 was →[3)-β-D-Glcp-(1]₂ → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the branch was α-D-Glcp-(1 → [4)-α-D-Glcp-(1]₄→, which was connected to the main chain through the O-3 bond of →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → glycosidic bond. In addition, Se-POP-3 could reduce viability, induce apoptosis, inhibit migration and invasion, destroy the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and inhibit the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of MGC-803 and HCT-116 cells in vitro. Moreover, this study also showed that within the concentration range set in this study, Se-POP-3 had no significant effect on the growth of normal cells (NCM460 cells). This study can provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of Se-POP-3 as an anti-gastrointestinal cancer drug or functional food.

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